| 1 |
Quibus
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that; this
rēbus
rēs, reī, f.: thing; matter; affair
perturbātīs
perturbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to disorder; to disrupt
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 2a |
nostrīs
nostrī, nostrōrum, m.pl.: our soldiers
novitāte
novitās, novitātis, f.: newness, novelty
pugnae
pugna, pugnae, f.: fight, battle
tempore
tempus, temporis, n.: time
opportūnissimō
opportūnus, -a, -um: advantageous, convenient
Caesar
Caesar, Caesaris, m.: (cognōmen of Gaius Julius Caesar)
auxilium
auxilium, auxilī, n.: help, aid
tulit:
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus: to carry, bring
|
First Main Clause |
| 2b |
namque
namque: for indeed, for truly, for
eius
is, ea, id: this; that; he, she, it
adventū
adventus, adventūs, m.: arrival
hostēs
hostis, hostis, m.: enemy
cōnstitērunt,
cōnsistō, -ere, cōnstitī, cōnstitūrus: to stand (together); to stop, halt
|
Second Main Clause |
| 2c |
nostrī
nostrī, nostrōrum, m.pl.: our soldiers
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
ex
ē, ex (with abl.): out of; from
timōre
timor, timōris, m.: fear
recēpērunt.
recipiō, -ere, recēpī, receptus: to take back; to recover
|
Third Main Clause |
| 1 |
Quō
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that; this
factō,
faciō, -ere, fēcī, factus: to make; to do
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 2a |
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at; for (the purpose of)
lacessendum
lacessō, -ere, lacessīvī, lacessītus: to provoke, challenge
|
Gerundive of Purpose (proelium supplied from 2b) |
| 2b |
et
et: and, both
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at; for (the purpose of)
committendum
committō, -ere, commīsī, commissus: to join; to begin
proelium
proelium, proelī, n.: battle
|
Gerundive of Purpose |
| 3 |
aliēnum
aliēnus, -a, -um: another’s; foreign; unfavorable
esse
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus: to be
tempus
tempus, temporis, n.: time
|
Indirect Statement Dependent on arbitrātus |
| 4 |
arbitrātus
arbitror, -ārī, -ātus sum: to think
|
Participial Phrase |
| 5a |
suō
suus, -a, -um: his, her, its, their (own)
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
locō
locus, locī, m.: place, spot, position
continuit
contineō, -ēre, -uī, contentus: to hold; to restrain; to contain
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 5b |
et,
et: and, both
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 6 |
brevī
brevis, -e: short, brief
tempore
tempus, temporis, n.: time
intermissō,
intermittō, -ere, intermīsī, intermissus: to allow to elapse
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 5c |
in
in (with acc.): into, onto
castra
castra, castrōrum, n.pl.: (military) camp
legiōnēs
legiō, legiōnis, f.: legion
redūxit.
redūcō, -ere, redūxī, reductus: to lead back, bring back
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1 |
Dum
dum: while, as long as
haec
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
geruntur,
gerō, -ere, gessī, gestus: to wage, carry on; to do
|
Dum Clause |
| 2 |
nostrīs
nostrī, nostrōrum, m.pl.: our soldiers
omnibus
omnis, -e: all, entire, every
occupātīs,
occupō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to seize, occupy
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 3 |
quī
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that
erant
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus: to be
in
in (with abl.): in, on
agrīs
ager, agrī, m.: land; field
|
Relative Clause |
| 4 |
reliquī
reliquus, -a, -um: remaining, rest of, other
discessērunt.
discēdō, -ere, discessī, discessūrus: to depart
|
Main Clause |
| 1 |
Secūtae sunt
sequor, -ī, secūtus sum: to follow
continuōs
continuus, -a, -um: successive
complūrēs
complūrēs, complūra: several
diēs
diēs, diēī, m.: day
tempestātēs
tempestās, tempestātis, f.: storm
| Main Clause |
| 2a |
quae
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that
et
et: and, both
nostrōs
nostrī, nostrōrum, m.pl.: our soldiers
in
in (with abl.): in, on
castrīs
castra, castrōrum, n.pl.: (military) camp
continērent
contineō, -ēre, -uī, contentus: to hold; to contain
|
Relative Clause of Characteristic Begins |
| 2b |
et
et: and, both
hostem
hostis, hostis, m.: enemy
ā
ā, ab (with abl.): (away) from; by
pugnā
pugna, pugnae, f.: fight, battle
prohibērent.
prohibeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus: to keep, restrain; to keep away; to prohibit
|
Relative Clause of Characteristic Concludes |
| 1a |
Interim
interim: meanwhile
barbarī
barbarī, barbarōrum, m.pl.: barbarians
nūntiōs
nūntius, nūntī, m.: messenger; message
in
in (with acc.): into, onto
omnēs
omnis, -e: all, entire, every
partēs
pars, partis, f.: part; side; direction
dīmīsērunt
dīmittō, -ere, dīmīsī, dīmissus: to send forth, send off
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
paucitātem
paucitās, paucitātis, f.: small number
que
-que: and, both
nostrōrum
noster, nostra, nostrum: our
mīlitum
mīles, mīlitis, m.: soldier
suīs
suī, suōrum, m.pl.: their people
praedicāvērunt
praedicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to proclaim
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 1c |
et
et: and, both
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 2 |
quanta
quantus, -a, -um: how great, what great
praedae
praeda, praedae, f.: loot, spoil, plunder
faciendae
faciō, -ere, fēcī, factus: to make; to do
atque
ac, atque: and
in
in (with acc.): into, onto
perpetuum
perpetuum, perpetuī, n.: perpetuity (i.e. forever)
suī
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
līberandī
līberō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to free
facultās
facultās, facultātis, f.: chance, opportunity
darētur,
dō, dare, dedī, datus: to give
|
Indirect Question |
| 3 |
sī
sī: if
Rōmānōs
Rōmānus, -a, -um: Roman
castrīs
castra, castrōrum, n.pl.: (military) camp
expulissent,
expellō, -ere, expulī, expulsus: to drive out, expel
|
Conditional Clause |
| 1d |
dēmōnstrāvērunt.
dēmōnstrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to show; to describe
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1 |
Hīs
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
rēbus
rēs, reī, f.: thing; matter; affair
celeriter
celeriter: quickly, swiftly
magnā
magnus, -a, -um: large, big; great
multitūdine
multitūdō, multitūdinis, f.: large number, crowd, multitude
peditātūs
peditātus, peditātūs, m.: infantry
equitātūs
equitātus, equitātūs, m.: cavalry
que
-que: and, both
coāctā
cōgō, -ere, coēgī, coāctus: to drive together, gather, assemble
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 2 |
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
castra
castra, castrōrum, n.pl.: (military) camp
vēnērunt.
veniō, -īre, vēnī, ventūrus: to come
|
Main Clause |