| 1a |
Sabīnus
Sabīnus, Sabīnī, m.: (cognōmen of Quintus Titurius Sabinus, one of Caesar’s lieutenants)
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 2a |
quōs
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that
in
in (with abl.): in, on
praesentiā
praesentia, praesentiae, f.: presence
|
Relative Clause Begins |
| 3a |
tribūnōs
tribūnus, tribūnī, m.: tribune
mīlitum
mīles, mīlitis, m.: soldier
|
Infinitive Phrase Begins |
| 2b |
circum
circum (with acc.): around
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
habēbat
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus: to have; to hold
|
Relative Clause Concludes |
| 3b |
et
et: and, both
prīmōrum
prīmus, -a, -um: first
ōrdinum
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.: rank, position
centuriōnēs
centuriō, centuriōnis, m.: centurion (commander of a century)
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
sequī
sequor, -ī, secūtus sum: to follow; to accompany
|
Infinitive Phrase Concludes |
| 1b |
iubet
iubeō, -ēre, iussī, iussus: to order
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 1c |
et,
et: and, both
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 4 |
cum
cum (with subj.): since, when
propius
propius (with acc.): nearer to, quite near
Ambiorīgem
Ambiorīx, Ambiorīgis, m.: (chief of the Eburones in Belgium)
accessisset,
accēdō, -ere, accessī, accessūrus: to approach
|
Circumstantial Clause |
| 5 |
iussus
iubeō, -ēre, iussī, iussus: to order
arma
arma, armōrum, n.pl.: weapons, arms
abicere
abiciō, -ere, abiēcī, abiectus: to throw away
|
Participial Phrase |
| 1d |
imperātum
imperātum, imperātī, n.: command, order
facit
faciō, -ere, fēcī, factus: to make; to do; to carry out
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 1e |
suīs
suus, -a, -um: his, her, its, their (own)
que
-que: and, both
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 6 |
ut
ut (with subj.): so that, that, to...
idem
īdem, eadem, idem: same
faciant
faciō, -ere, fēcī, factus: and
|
Indirect Command |
| 1f |
imperat.
imperō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus (with dat.): to order, command
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Interim,
interim: meanwhile
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 2a |
dum
dum: while
dē
dē (with abl.): (down) from; about, concerning
condiciōnibus
condiciō, condiciōnis, f.: condition
inter
inter (with acc.): between, among
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
agunt
agō, -ere, ēgī, āctus: to do; to drive; to discuss
|
Temporal Clause Begins |
| 2b |
longior
longus, -a, -um: long
que
-que: and, both
cōnsultō
cōnsultō: deliberately, on purpose
ab
ā, ab (with abl.): (away) from; by
Ambiorīge
Ambiorīx, Ambiorīgis, m.: (chief of the Eburones in Belgium)
īnstituitur
īnstituō, -ere, īnstituī, īnstitūtus: to set up, establish; to start, begin
sermō,
sermō, sermōnis, m.: conversation, discourse, speech
|
Temporal Clause Concludes |
| 3 |
paulātim
paulātim: little by little
circumventus
circumveniō, -īre, circumvēnī, circumventus: to surround
|
Participial Phrase |
| 1b |
interficitur.
interficiō, -ere, interfēcī, interfectus: to kill
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Tum
tum: then, at that time
vērō
vērō: truly, really
suō
suus, -a, -um: his, her, its, their (own)
mōre
mōs, mōris, m.: custom
victōriam
victōria, victōriae, f.: victory
conclāmant
conclāmō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to shout (together)
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
atque
ac, atque: and
ululātum
ululātus, ululātūs, m.: wailing, shrieking, howling
tollunt
tollō, -ere, sustulī, sublātus: to lift, raise
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 2a |
impetū
impetus, impetūs, m.: attack
|
Ablative Absolute Begins |
| 1c |
-que
-que: and, both
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 2b |
in
in (with acc.): into, onto; upon
nostrōs
nostrī, nostrōrum, m.pl.: our soldiers
factō
fīō, fierī, factus sum: to be done; to be made
|
Ablative Absolute Concludes |
| 1d |
ōrdinēs
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.: rank, position
perturbant.
perturbō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to disorder; to disrupt
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1 |
Ibi
ibi: there, in that place
L.
Lūcius, Lūcī, m.: (Roman praenōmen)
Cotta
Cotta, Cottae, m.: (cognōmen of Lucius Aurunculeius Cotta, one of Caesar’s lieutenants)
pugnāns
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to fight
interficitur
interficiō, -ere, interfēcī, interfectus: to kill
cum
cum (with abl.): with
maximā
magnus, -a, -um: large, big; great
parte
pars, partis, f.: part
mīlitum.
mīles, mīlitis, m.: soldier
|
Main Clause |
| 1 |
Reliquī
reliquus, -a, -um: remaining, rest of, other
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
in
in (with acc.): into, onto
castra
castra, castrōrum, n.pl.: (military) camp
recipiunt
recipiō, -ere, recēpī, receptus: to take back; (taken with sē) to withdraw
|
Main Clause |
| 2 |
unde
unde: from which (place), from where
erant ēgressī.
ēgredior, -ī, ēgressus sum: to go out, come out
|
Relative Adverbial Clause |
| 1a |
Ex
ē, ex (with abl.): out of; from
quibus
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that; this
L.
Lūcius, Lūcī, m.: (Roman praenōmen)
Petrosidius
Petrosidius, Petrosidī, m.: (nōmen of Lucius Petrosidius, a standard-bearer)
aquilifer,
aquilifer, aquiliferī, m.: standard-bearer
|
First Main Clause Begins with Linking quibus |
| 2 |
cum
cum (with subj.): since, when
magnā
magnus, -a, -um: large, big; great
multitūdine
multitūdō, multitūdinis, f.: large number, crowd, multitude
hostium
hostis, hostis, m.: enemy
premerētur,
premō, -ere, pressī, pressus: to press; to control; to oppress, overwhelm
|
Circumstantial Clause |
| 1b |
aquilam
aquila, aquilae, f.: eagle; standard (of a Roman legion)
intrā
intrā (with acc.): within
vāllum
vāllum, vāllī, n.: palisade of stakes on top of an embankment, rampart
prōiēcit;
prōiciō, -ere, prōiēcī, prōiectus: to throw forth, cast forth
|
First Main Clause Concludes |
| 1c |
ipse
ipse, ipsa, ipsum: -self
prō
prō (with abl.): in front of, before
castrīs
castra, castrōrum, n.pl.: (military) camp
|
Second Main Clause Begins |
| 3 |
fortissimē
fortiter: bravely
pugnāns
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to fight
|
Participial Phrase |
| 1d |
occīditur.
occīdō, -ere, occīdī, occīsus: to kill
|
Second Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Illī
ille, illa, illud: that; he, she, it
aegrē
aegrē: barely, with difficulty
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
noctem
nox, noctis, f.: night
oppugnātiōnem
oppugnātiō, oppugnātiōnis, f.: attack
sustinent:
sustineō, -ēre, -uī, sustentus: to sustain; to support; to withstand
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
noctū
noctū: at night
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
ūnum
ūnus, -a, -um: one
omnēs
omnis, -e: all, entire, every
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 2 |
dēspērātā
dēspērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to despair of
salūte
salūs, salūtis, f.: well-being, safety
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 1c |
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
ipsī
ipse, ipsa, ipsum: -self
interficiunt.
interficiō, -ere, interfēcī, interfectus: to kill
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Paucī
paucī, -ae, -a: few
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 2 |
ex
ē, ex (with abl.): out of; from
proeliō
proelium, proelī, n.: battle
ēlāpsī
ēlābor, -ī, ēlāpsus sum: to slip out, escape
|
Participial Phrase |
| 1b |
incertīs
incertus, -a, -um: doubtful, uncertain
itineribus
iter, itineris, n.: journey
per
per (with acc.): through
silvās
silva, silvae, f.: forest
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
T.
Titus, Titī, m.: (Roman praenōmen)
Labiēnum
Labiēnus, Labiēnī, m.: (cognōmen of Titus Atius Labienus, Caesar’s most trusted lieutenant)
lēgātum
lēgātus, lēgātī, m.: envoy, ambassador; lieutenant
in
in (with acc.): into, onto
hīberna
hīberna, hībernōrum, n.pl.: winter-quarters
perveniunt
perveniō, -īre, pervēnī, perventūrus: to come through, arrive
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 1c |
atque
ac, atque: and
eum
is, ea, id: this; that; he, she, it
dē
dē (with abl.): (down) from; about, concerning
rēbus
rēs, reī, f.: thing; matter; affair
gestīs
gerō, -ere, gessī, gestus: to carry, wear; to wage; to do
certiōrem
certus, -a, -um: fixed, determined; certain
faciunt.
faciō, -ere, fēcī, factus: to do; to make
|
Main Clause Concludes |