| 1a |
Tunc
tunc: then, at that time
ducēs
dux, ducis, m.: leader, commander
prīncipēs
prīnceps, prīncipis, m.: chief, leader
que
-que: and, both
Nerviōrum
Nerviī, Nerviōrum, m.pl.: (a people of Belgian Gaul)
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 2 |
quī
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that
aliquem
aliquī, aliqua, aliquod: some, any
sermōnis
sermō, sermōnis, m.: conversation, discourse, speech
aditum
aditus, aditūs, m.: approach
causam
causa, causae, f.: cause, reason, motive
que
-que: and, both
amīcitiae
amīcitia, amīcitiae, f.: friendship
cum
cum (with abl.): with
Cicerōne
Cicerō, Cicerōnis, m.: (cognōmen of Quintus Tullius Cicero, one of Caesar’s lieutenants)
habēbant
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus: to have; to hold
|
Relative Clause |
| 3 |
colloquī
colloquor, -ī, collocūtus sum: to speak, converse
sēsē
—, suī, sibi, sē (sēsē), sē (sēsē): himself, herself, itself, themselves; (as subj. of infin.) he, she, it, they
velle
volō, velle, voluī: to wish, want
|
Indirect Statement |
| 1b |
dīcunt.
dīcō, -ere, dīxī, dictus: to say
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1 |
Factā
fīō, fierī, factus sum: to be made; to be done
potestāte
potestās, potestātis, f.: power; opportunity
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 2a |
eadem
īdem, eadem, idem: the same
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 3 |
quae
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that
Ambiorīx
Ambiorīx, Ambiorīgis, m.: (chief of the Eburones in Belgium)
cum
cum (with abl.): with
Titūriō
Titūrius, Titūrī, m.: (nōmen of Quintus Titurius Sabinus, one of Caesar’s lieutenants)
ēgerat
agō, -ere, ēgī, āctus: to do; to drive
|
Relative Clause |
| 2b |
commemorant:
commemorō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to mention
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 4a |
omnem
omnis, -e: all, entire
esse
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus: to be
in
in (with abl.): in, on
armīs
arma, armōrum, n.pl.: weapons, arms
Galliam;
Gallia, Galliae, f.: Gaul (region of Gaul)
|
Indirect Statement dependent on commemorant |
| 4b |
Germānōs
Germānī, Germānōrum, m.pl.: Germans
Rhēnum
Rhēnus, Rhēnī, m.: Rhine (river between Gaul and Germany)
trānsīsse;
trānseō, trānsīre, trānsiī, trānsitus: to go across, cross
|
Indirect Statement dependent on commemorant |
| 4c |
Caesaris
Caesar, Caesaris, m.: (cognōmen of Gaius Julius Caesar)
reliquōrum
reliquus, -a, -um: other
que
-que: and, both
hīberna
hīberna, hībernōrum, n.pl.: winter-quarters
oppugnārī.
oppugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to attack
|
Indirect Statement dependent on commemorant |
| 1a |
Addunt
addō, -ere, addidī, additus: to add
etiam
etiam: also; even
dē
dē (with abl.): (down) from; about, concerning
Sabīnī
Sabīnus, Sabīnī, m.: (cognōmen of Quintus Titurius Sabinus, one of Caesar’s lieutenants)
morte;
mors, mortis, f.: death
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
Ambiorīgem
Ambiorīx, Ambiorīgis, m.: (chief of the Eburones in Belgium)
ostentant
ostentō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to show, display
fideī
fidēs, fideī, f.: faith, confidence; faithfulness
faciendae
faciō, facere, fēcī, factus: to do; to make
causā.
causā (with gen.): for the sake of
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Errāre
errō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to wander; to be mistaken
eōs
is, ea, id: this; that; he, she, it
|
Indirect Statement dependent on dīcunt |
| 2a |
dīcunt,
dīcō, -ere, dīxī, dictus: to say
|
Main Clause |
| 3 |
sī
sī: if
quicquam
quisquam, quaequam, quicquam: anyone, anything
ab
ā, ab (with abl.): (away) from; by
eīs
is, ea, id: this; that; he, she, it
praesidī
praesidium, praesidī, n.: help; protection
spērent
spērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to hope
|
Conditional Clause |
| 4 |
quī
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that
suīs
suus, -a, -um: his, her, its, their (own)
rēbus
rēs, reī, f.: thing; matter; affair
diffīdant;
diffīdō, -ere, diffīsus sum (with dat.): to distrust
|
Relative Clause |
| 1b |
sēsē
—, suī, sibi, sē (sēsē), sē (sēsē): himself, herself, itself, themselves; (as subj. of infin.) he, she, it, they
tamen
tamen: however, still
hōc
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
esse
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus: to be
in
in (with acc.): into, onto; to
Cicerōnem
Cicerō, Cicerōnis, m.: (cognōmen of Quintus Tullius Cicero, one of Caesar’s lieutenants)
populum
populus, populī, m.: people, nation
que
-que: and, both
Rōmānum
Rōmānus, -a, -um: Roman
animō
animus, animī, m.: soul, heart; spirit
|
Indirect Statement dependent on dīcunt |
| 5a |
ut
ut (with subj.): so that, that, to...
nihil
nihil: nothing
nisi
nisi: unless, if not; except
hīberna
hīberna, hībernōrum, n.pl.: winter-quarters
recūsent
recūsō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to refuse
|
Result Clause Begins |
| 5b |
atque
ac, atque: and
hanc
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
inveterāscere
inveterāscō, -ere, inveterāvī: to become established
cōnsuētūdinem
cōnsuētūdō, cōnsuētūdinis, f.: custom, usage
nōlint:
nōlō, nōlle, nōluī: not to want, be unwilling
|
Result Clause Concludes |
| 1c |
licēre
licet, -ēre, -uit: to be allowed, be permitted
illīs
ille, illa, illud: that; he, she, it
incolumibus
incolumis, -e: safe, unharmed, uninjured
|
Indirect Statement dependent on dīcunt |
| 6a |
per
per (with acc.): through
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
ex
ē, ex (with abl.): out of; from
hībernīs
hīberna, hībernōrum, n.pl.: winter-quarters
discēdere
discēdō, -ere, discessī, discessūrus: to depart
|
Infinitive Phrase dependent on licēre |
| 6b |
et
et: and, both
|
Infinitive Phrase dependent on licēre Continues |
| 7 |
quāscumque
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque: whoever, whatever
in
in (with acc.): into, onto
partēs
pars, partis, f.: part
velint
volō, velle, voluī: to wish, want
|
Indefinite Pronoun Clause |
| 6c |
sine
sine (with abl.): without
metū
metus, metūs, m.: fear
proficīscī.
proficīscor, -ī, profectus sum: to set out, depart
|
Infinitive Phrase dependent on licēre Concludes |
| 1 |
Cicerō
Cicerō, Cicerōnis, m.: (cognōmen of Quintus Tullius Cicero, one of Caesar’s lieutenants)
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
haec
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
ūnum
ūnus, -a, -um: one, only
modo
modo: only; just now
respondit:
respondeō, -ēre, respondī, respōnsus: to reply, answer, respond
|
Main Clause |
| 2 |
nōn
nōn: not, no
esse
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus: to be
cōnsuētūdinem
cōnsuētūdō, cōnsuētūdinis, f.: custom, usage
populī
populus, populī, m.: people, nation; multitude, crowd
Rōmānī
Rōmānus, -a, -um: Roman
|
Indirect Statement |
| 3 |
accipere
accipiō, -ere, accēpī, acceptus: to receive, accept
ab
ā, ab (with abl.): (away) from; by
hoste
hostis, hostis, m.: enemy
armātō
armō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to arm, equip, furnish
condiciōnem:
condiciō, condiciōnis, f.: condition
|
Infinitive Phrase dependent on cōnsuētūdinem |
| 4 |
sī
sī: if
ab
ā, ab (with abl.): (away) from; by
armīs
arma, armōrum, n.pl.: weapons, arms
discēdere
discēdō, -ere, discessī, discessūrus: to depart
velint,
volō, velle, voluī: to wish, want
|
Conditional Clause |
| 5a |
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
adiūtōre
adiūtor, adiūtōris, m.: helper, supporter
ūtantur
ūtor, -ī, ūsus sum (with abl.): to use, make use of
|
Apodosis Begins (in effect a Main Clause) |
| 5b |
lēgātōs
lēgātus, lēgātī, m.: envoy, ambassador; lieutenant
que
-que: and, both
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
Caesarem
Caesar, Caesaris, m.: (cognōmen of Gaius Julius Caesar)
mittant;
mittō, -ere, mīsī, missus: to send, let go
|
Apodosis Concludes |
| 6 |
spērāre
spērō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to hope
prō
prō (with abl.): for, on behalf of; considering
eius
is, ea, id: this; that; he, she, it
iūstitiā,
iūstitia, iūstitiae, f.: justice, righteousness
|
Indirect Statement dependent on respondit (supply sē) |
| 7 |
quae
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that; what
petierint
petō, -ere, petīvī (petiī), petītus: to look for, seek; to head for
|
Relative Clause |
| 8 |
impetrātūrōs
impetrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to obtain
|
Indirect Statement dependent on spērāre (supply eōs) |