| 1a |
Erant
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus: to be
in
in (with abl.): in, on
eā
is, ea, id: this; that; he, she, it
legiōne
legiō, legiōnis, f.: legion
fortissimī
fortis, -e: brave, courageous
virī,
vir, virī, m.: man
centuriōnēs,
centuriō, centuriōnis, m.: centurion (commander of a century)
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 2 |
quī
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that
prīmīs
prīmus, -a, -um: first
ōrdinibus
ōrdō, ōrdinis, m.: rank, position
appropinquārent,
appropinquō, -āre, -āvī, -ātūrus (with dat.): to approach
|
Relative Clause of Characteristic |
| 1b |
T.
Titus, Titī, m.: (Roman praenōmen)
Pullō
Pullō, Pullōnis, m.: (nōmen of Titus Pullo, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
et
et: and, both
L.
Lūcius, Lūcī, m.: (Roman praenōmen)
Vorēnus.
Vorēnus, Vorēnī, m.: (nōmen of Lucius Vorenus, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Hī
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
perpetuās
perpetuus, -a, -um: continuous
inter
inter (with acc.): between, among
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
contrōversiās
contrōversia, contrōversiae, f.: dispute, controversy
habēbant,
habeō, -ēre, -uī, -itus: to have; to hold
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 2 |
quīnam
quīnam, quaenam, quodnam: who, which, what
anteferrētur,
anteferō, anteferre, antetulī, antelātus: to prefer
|
Indirect Question |
| 1b |
omnibus
omnis, -e: all
que
-que: and, both
annīs
annus, annī, m.: year
dē
dē (with abl.): (down) from; about, concerning
locīs
locus, locī, m.: place, spot, position; rank
summīs
summus, -a, -um: highest, greatest
simultātibus
simultās, simultātis, f.: quarrel
contendēbant.
contendō, -ere, contendī, contentūrus: to fight
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Ex
ē, ex (with abl.): out of; from
hīs
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
Pullō,
Pullō, Pullōnis, m.: (nōmen of Titus Pullo, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 2 |
cum
cum (with subj.): since; when
ācerrimē
ācriter: fiercely, sharply
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
mūnītiōnēs
mūnītiō, mūnītiōnis, f.: fortification
pugnārētur,
pugnō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to fight
|
Circumstantial Clause |
| 1b |
"Quid
quid (adv.): why
dubitās,"
dubitō, -āre, -āvī, -ātūrus: to doubt, hesitate
inquit,
inquam, —, inquiī: to say
"Vorēne?
Vorēnus, Vorēnī, m.: (nōmen of Lucius Vorenus, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 1c |
aut
aut: or, either
quem
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that; what
locum
locus, locī, m.: place, spot, position
tuae
tuus, -a, -um: your (s.)
prō
prō (with abl.): for, on behalf of
laude
laus, laudis, f.: praise
virtūtis
virtūs, virtūtis, f.: valor, courage; virtue
spectās?
spectō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to look, look at
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1 |
Hic
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
diēs
diēs, diēī, m.: day
dē
dē (with abl.): (down) from; about, concerning
nostrīs
noster, nostra, nostrum: our
contrōversiīs
contrōversia, contrōversiae, f.: dispute, controversy
iūdicābit."
iūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to judge; to decide
|
Main Clause |
| 1 |
Haec
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
cum
cum (with subj.): since; when
dīxisset,
dīcō, -ere, dīxī, dictus: to say
|
Circumstantial Clause |
| 2a |
prōcēdit
prōcēdō, -ere, prōcessī, prōcessūrus: to go forth, proceed
extrā
extrā (with acc.): outside, beyond
mūnītiōnēs,
mūnītiō, mūnītiōnis, f.: fortification
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 3a |
quae
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that; what
|
Relative Clause Begins |
| 2b |
-que
-que: and, both
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 3b |
pars
pars, partis, f.: part
hostium
hostis, hostis, m.: enemy
cōnfertissima
cōnfertus, -a, -um: crowded together
est vīsa
videō, -ēre, vīdī, vīsus: to see; (pass.) to be seen; to seem
|
Relative Clause Concludes |
| 2c |
irrumpit.
:irrumpō, -ere, irrūpī, irruptus: to burst in
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Nē
nē: not
Vorēnus
Vorēnus, Vorēnī, m.: (nōmen of Lucius Vorenus, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
quidem
quidem: indeed, even
sēsē
—, suī, sibi, sē (sēsē), sē (sēsē): himself, herself, itself, themselves
vāllō
vāllum, vāllī, n.: palisade of stakes on top of an embankment, rampart
continet
contineō, -ēre, -uī, contentus: to hold, keep
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
sed
sed: but
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 2 |
omnium
omnis, -e: all, entire, every
veritus
vereor, -ērī, -itus sum: to fear
exīstimātiōnem
exīstimātiō, exīstimātiōnis, f.: opinion
|
Participial Phrase |
| 1c |
subsequitur.
subsequor, -ī, subsecūtus sum: to follow (closely)
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Tum
tum: then, at that time
|
First Main Clause Begins |
| 2 |
mediocrī
mediocris, -e: moderate
spatiō
spatium, spatī, n.: space; distance
relictō
relinquō, -ere, relīquī, relictus: to leave, leave behind
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 1b |
Pullō
Pullō, Pullōnis, m.: (nōmen of Titus Pullo, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
pīlum
pīlum, pīlī, n.: javelin
in
in (with acc.): into, onto
hostēs
hostis, hostis, m.: enemy
immittit,
immittō, -ere, immīsī, immissus: to let in, admit; to send
|
First Main Clause Continues |
| 1c |
atque
ac, atque: and
ūnum
ūnus, -a, -um: one
|
First Main Clause Continues |
| 3 |
ex
ē, ex (with abl.): out of; from
multitūdine
multitūdō, multitūdinis, f.: large number, crowd, multitude
prōcurrentem
prōcurrō, -ere, prōcurrī, prōcursūrus: to run forward
|
Participial Phrase |
| 1d |
trāicit;
trāiciō, -ere, trāiēcī, trāiectus: to pierce
|
First Main Clause Concludes |
| 4 |
quō
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that; what; he, she, it
percussō
percutiō, -ere, percussī, percussus: to strike (forcibly)
et
et: and, both
exanimātō
exanimō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to weaken; to kill
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 1e |
hunc
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
scūtīs
scūtum, scūtī, n.: shield
prōtegunt,
prōtegō, -ere, prōtēxī, prōtēctus: to protect
|
Second Main Clause Begins |
| 1f |
in
in (with acc.): into, onto
hostem
hostis, hostis, m.: enemy
tēla
tēlum, tēlī, n.: spear, javelin
ūniversī
ūniversus, -a, -um: all
coiciunt
coiciō, -ere, coiēcī, coiectus: to throw, hurl
|
Second Main Clause Continues |
| 1g |
neque
nec, neque: and not, nor
dant
dō, dare, dedī, datus: to give
regrediendī
regredior, -ī, regressus sum: to go back, return
facultātem.
facultās, facultātis, f.: chance, opportunity
|
Second Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Trānsfīgitur
trānsfīgō, -ere, trānsfīxī, trānsfīxus: to pierce, transfix
scūtum
scūtum, scūtī, n.: shield
Pullōnī
Pullō, Pullōnis, m.: (nōmen of Titus Pullo, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
et
et: and, both
verūtum
verūtum, verūtī, n.: spear
in
in (with abl.): in, on
balteō
balteus, balteī, m.: sword-belt, baldric
dēfīgitur.
dēfīgō, -ere, dēfīxī, dēfīxus: to fix, stick
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Āvertit
āvertō, -ere, āvertī, āversus: to turn away
hic
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
cāsus
cāsus, cāsūs, m.: accident, chance, event; misfortune
vāgīnam
vāgīna, vāgīnae, f.: sheath, scabbard (of a sword)
| Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
et
et: and, both
gladium
gladius, gladī, m.: sword
ēdūcere
ēdūcō, -ere, ēdūxī, ēductus: to lead out, take out; to draw (a sword)
cōnantī
cōnor, -ārī, -ātus sum: to try, attempt
dextram
dexter, dextra, dextrum: right
morātur
moror, -ārī, -ātus sum: to delay
manum,
manus, manūs, f.: hand
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 1c |
impedītum
impediō, -īre, -īvī, -ītus: to entangle; to obstruct, impede
que
-que: and, both
hostēs
hostis, hostis, m.: enemy
circumsistunt.
circumsistō, -ere, circumstetī: to surround
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Succurrit
succurrō, -ere, succurrī, succursūrus: to run up
inimīcus
inimīcus, -a, -um: unfriendly, hostile
illī
lle, illa, illud: that; he, she, it
Vorēnus
Vorēnus, Vorēnī, m.: (nōmen of Lucius Vorenus, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
et
et: and, both
labōrantī
labōrō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to work, labor; to exert oneself
subvenit.
subveniō, -īre, subvēnī, subventūrus (with dat.): to help
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1a |
Ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
hunc
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
sē
—, suī, sibi, sē, sē: himself, herself, itself, themselves
cōnfestim
cōnfestim: immediately
ā
ā, ab (with abl.): (away) from; by
Pullōne
Pullō, Pullōnis, m.: (nōmen of Titus Pullo, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
omnis
omnis, -e: all, entire
multitūdō
multitūdō, multitūdinis, f.: large number, crowd, multitude
convertit;
convertō, -ere, convertī, conversus: to turn; to turn around, reverse
|
First Main Clause |
| 2a |
illum
ille, illa, illud: that; he, she, it
verūtō
verūtum, verūtī, n.: spear
|
Indirect Statement Begins |
| 1b |
arbitrantur
arbitror, -ārī, -ātus sum: to think, consider
|
Second Main Clause |
| 2b |
occīsum.
occīdō, -ere, occīdī, occīsus: to kill, slay
|
Indirect Statement Concludes |
| 1a |
Gladiō
gladius, gladī, m.: sword
comminus
comminus: in close contest, hand to hand
rem
rēs, reī, f.: thing; matter; affair
gerit
gerō, -ere, gessī, gestus: to bear, carry, wear; to wage, carry on
Vorēnus,
Vorēnus, Vorēnī, m.: (nōmen of Lucius Vorenus, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
|
First Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
atque
ac, atque: and
|
First Main Clause Continues |
| 2 |
ūnō
ūnus, -a, -um: one
interfectō
interficiō, -ere, interfēcī, interfectus: to kill
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 1c |
reliquōs
reliquus, -a, -um: remaining, rest of, other
paulum
paulum: a little
prōpellit:
prōpellō, -ere, prōpulī, prōpulsus: to drive away
|
First Main Clause Concludes |
| 3 |
dum
dum: while
cupidius
cupidē: eagerly
īnstat,
īnstō, -āre, īnstitī, īnstāturus: to press on
|
Dum Temporal Clause |
| 4 |
in
in (with acc.): into, onto
locum
locus, locī, m.: place, spot, position
dēiectus
dēiciō, -ere, dēiēcī, dēiectus: to throw down, cast down
īnferiōrem
īnferior, īnferius: lower
|
Participial Phrase |
| 1d |
concidit.
concidō, -ere, concidī: to fall down
|
Second Main Clause |
| 1 |
Huic
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
rūrsus
rūrsus: again
circumventō
circumveniō, -īre, circumvēnī, circumventus: to surround
fert
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus: to carry, bring
subsidium
subsidium, subsidī, n.: aid; support
Pullō,
Pullō, Pullōnis, m.: (nōmen of Titus Pullo, a centurion of Caesar’s legion)
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
atque
ac, atque: and
ambō
ambō, ambae, ambō: both
incolumēs
incolumis, -e: safe, unharmed, uninjured
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 2 |
complūribus
complūrēs, complūra: several
interfectīs
interficiō, -ere, interfēcī, interfectus: to kill
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 1c |
summā
summus, -a, -um: highest, greatest
cum
cum (with abl.): with
laude
laus, laudis, f.: praise
sēsē
—, suī, sibi, sē (sēsē), sē (sēsē): himself, herself, itself, themselves
intrā
intrā (with acc.): within
mūnītiōnēs
mūnītiō, mūnītiōnis, f.: fortification
recipiunt.
recipiō, -ere, recēpī, receptus: to receive, accept; (taken with sēsē) to withdraw
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1 |
Sīc
sīc: thus, so; in this way; in such a way
fortūna
fortūna, fortūnae, f.: luck, fortune
in
in (with abl.): in, on
contentiōne
contentiō, contentiōnis, f.: dispute
et
et: and, both
certāmine
certāmen, certāminis, n.: contest
utrumque
uterque, utraque, utrumque: each, both
versāvit,
versō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to turn
|
Main Clause |
| 2a |
ut
ut (with subj.): so that, that, to...
alter
alter, altera, alterum: other, another, the one
alterī
alter, altera, alterum: other, another, the one
inimīcus
inimīcus, -a, -um: unfriendly, hostile
auxiliō
auxilium, auxilī, n.: help, aid
salūtī
salūs, salūtis, f.: well-being, safety
que
et: and, both
esset,
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus: to be
|
Main Clause |
| 2b |
neque
nec, neque: and not, nor
dīiūdicārī
dīiūdicō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to judge, decide, determine
posset,
possum, posse, potuī: to be able
|
Result Clause Concludes |
| 3 |
uter
uter, utra, utrum: which (of two)
utrī
uter, utra, utrum: which (of two)
virtūte
virtūs, virtūtis, f.: valor, courage; virtue
anteferendus
anteferō, anteferre, antetulī, antelātus: to prefer
vidērētur.
videō, -ēre, vīdī, vīsus: to see; (pass.) to be seen; to seem
|
Indirect Question |