| 1a |
Quantō
quantus, -a, -um: how great, what great, how much
erat
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus: to be
in diēs
in diēs: every day
gravior
gravis, -e: heavy; serious; severe
atque
ac, atque: and
asperior
asper, aspera, asperum: rough, harsh, violent
oppugnātiō,
oppugnātiō, oppugnātiōnis, f.: attack
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 1b |
et
et: and, both
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 2a |
maximē
maximē: very greatly, in particular, especially
quod
quod: because, the fact that
|
Causal Clause Begins |
| 3 |
magnā
magnus, -a, -um: large, big; great
parte
pars, partis, f.: part, share
mīlitum
mīles, mīlitis, m.: soldier
cōnfectā
cōnficiō, -ere, cōnfēcī, cōnfectus: to finish, complete; to weaken
vulneribus
vulnus, vulneris, n.: wound
|
Ablative Absolute |
| 2b |
rēs
rēs, reī, f.: thing; matter; affair
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
paucitātem
paucitās, paucitātis, f.: small number, fewness
dēfēnsōrum
dēfēnsor, dēfēnsōris, m.: defender, protector
pervēnerat,
perveniō, -īre, pervēnī, perventūrus: to come through, arrive
|
Causal Clause Concludes |
| 1c |
tantō
tantus, -a, -um: so great, such great; so much
crēbriōrēs
crēber, crēbra, crēbrum: frequent
litterae
litterae, litterārum, f.pl.: letter, epistle; letters
nūntiī
nūntius, nūntī, m.: messenger; message
que
-que: and, both
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
Caesarem
Caesar, Caesaris, m.: (cognōmen of Gaius Julius Caesar)
mittēbantur;
mittō, -ere, mīsī, missus: to send
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 4a |
quōrum
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that
pars
pars, partis, f.: part, share
|
Relative Clause Begins |
| 5 |
dēprehēnsa
dēprehendō, -ere, dēprehendī, dēprehēnsus: to seize, catch
in
in (with abl.): in, on
cōnspectū
cōnspectus, cōnspectūs, m.: sight, view
nostrōrum
noster, nostra, nostrum: our
mīlitum
mīles, mīlitis, m.: soldier
|
Participial Phrase |
| 4b |
cum
cum (with abl.): with
cruciātū
cruciātus, cruciātūs, m.: torture
necābātur.
necō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to kill
|
Relative Clause Concludes |
| 1 |
Erat
sum, esse, fuī, futūrus: to be
ūnus
ūnus, -a, -um: one
intus
intus: inside, within
Nervius,
Nervius, Nervī, m.: a Nervian (referring to a people of Belgian Gaul)
nōmine
nōmen, nōminis, n.: name
Verticō,
Verticō, Verticōnis, m.: (one of the Nervii)
|
Main Clause |
| 2 |
locō
locus, locī, m.: place, spot, position
nātus
nāscor, -ī, nātus sum: to be born
honestō,
honestus, -a, -um: honorable
|
Participial Phrase |
| 3a |
quī
quī, quae, quod: who, which, that
ā
ā, ab (with abl.): (away) from; by
prīmā
prīmus, -a, -um: first
obsidiōne
obsidiō, obsidiōnis, f.: siege, blockade
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
Cicerōnem
Cicerō, Cicerōnis, m.: (cognōmen of Quintus Tullius Cicero, one of Caesar’s lieutenants)
perfūgerat,
perfugiō, -ere, perfūgī: to escape; to flee for refuge
|
Relative Clause Begins |
| 3b |
suam
suus, -a, -um: his, her, its, their (own)
que
-que: and, both
eī
is, ea, id: this; that; he, she, it
fidem
fidēs, fideī, f.: faith, confidence; faithfulness
praestiterat.
praestō, -āre, praestitī, praestātus: to fulfill, perform; to show, display
|
Relative Clause Concludes |
| 1 |
Hic
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
servō
servus, servī, m.: enslaved man
spē
spēs, speī, f.: hope
lībertātis
lībertās, lībertātis, f.: freedom
magnīs
magnus, -a, -um: large, big; great
que
-que: and, both
persuādet
persuādeō, -ēre, persuāsī, persuāsus (with dat.): to persuade
praemiīs
praemium, praemī, n.: reward
|
Main Clause |
| 2 |
ut
ut (with subj.): so that, that, to...
litterās
litterae, litterārum, f.pl.: letter, epistle; letters
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
Caesarem
Caesar, Caesaris, m.: (cognōmen of Gaius Julius Caesar)
dēferat.
dēferō, dēferre, dētulī, dēlātus: to bring (down), deliver
|
Indirect Command |
| 1a |
Hās
hic, haec, hoc: this; he, she, it
ille
ille, illa, illud: that; he, she, it
|
Main Clause Begins |
| 2 |
in
in (with abl.): in, on
iaculō
iaculum, iaculī, n.: javelin
inligātās
inligō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to bind, tie
|
Participial Phrase |
| 1b |
effert,
efferō, efferre, extulī, ēlātus: to bring out, carry out
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 1c |
et
et: and, both
Gallus
Gallus, Gallī, m.: Gaul (inhabitant of Gaul)
inter
inter (with acc.): between, among
Gallōs
Gallus, Gallī, m.: Gaul (inhabitant of Gaul)
|
Main Clause Continues |
| 3 |
sine
sine (with abl.): without
ūllā
ūllus, -a, -um: any
suspīciōne
suspīciō, suspīciōnis, f.: suspicion
versātus
versō, -āre, -āvī, -ātus: to turn; to involve
|
Participial Phrase |
| 1d |
ad
ad (with acc.): to, towards; at
Caesarem
Caesar, Caesaris, m.: (cognōmen of Gaius Julius Caesar)
pervenit.
perveniō, -īre, pervēnī, perventūrus: to come through, arrive
|
Main Clause Concludes |
| 1 |
Ab
ā, ab (with abl.): (away) from; by
eō
is, ea, id: this; that; he, she, it
dē
dē (with abl.): down from, from; about, concerning
perīculīs
perīculum, perīculī, n.: danger
Cicerōnis
Cicerō, Cicerōnis, m.: (cognōmen of Quintus Tullius Cicero, one of Caesar’s lieutenants)
legiōnis
legiō, legiōnis, f.: legion
que
-que: and, both
cognōscitur.
cognōscō, -ere, cognōvī, cognitus: to learn, learn about
|
Main Clause |